Joys R Us
What could be more fun than materialism? Renunciation, said Gandhi. But can we believe him?
March/April 2000
Bill McKibben Mother Jones (www.motherjones.com)
I am, perhaps like most Americans, guruphobic. Bhagwans, swamis,
saffron-robed saints of every sort leave me cold. I can find out
the truth for myself, dammit-isn't that the point of having a
library card? And so it was a novel experience for me to sit in an
ashram in a fog-swept corner of Marin County, California, talking
with a man named Eknath Easwaran, whose followers sat by the dozens
watching our interview, nodding at each of his statements, beaming
at him. I felt a long way from the little Methodist church that
serves as home page for my ill-defined faith.
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And yet it was a thrill. Partly because I'd read most of
Easwaran's calm and wise books over the years, and even tried to
follow his commonsense advice on how to meditate. But even more
because, as a young man, Easwaran had visited Gandhi at his ashram
in central India, had walked with him in the late-afternoon heat,
and in certain ways had his life changed. I would come no closer to
Gandhi than this.
'I have gone for walks with him, and none of us could keep his
pace,' Easwaran told me. 'He walks like the sandpiper on the beach.
The wave can never catch him.' That lightness marks every picture
of Gandhi. He is skin and bones, wearing almost nothing, usually
smiling with amusement. He looks, literally, as if he might blow
away. Certainly he was the frailest-looking leader of recent times,
and certainly he was among the toughest. 'The first time I went to
see Gandhiji, I joined a small group waiting outside his cottage,
where a meeting had been taking place the whole day,' said
Easwaran. 'I expected someone very irascible, and then the door
opened and there came out a teenager in his 60s, looking as though
he had been spending the whole time playing bingo. That really
struck a deep chord in me.'
That lightness, of course, did not come from playing; it came
from the hard work of renunciation. Gandhi gave up the passion for
sex, for money and possessions, for distraction, for comfort. He
renounced, at root, the right to put himself first, choosing
instead to live for others.
An American journalist once asked him, 'Can you tell me the
secret of your life in three words?'
'Yes,' chuckled Gandhi. 'Renounce and enjoy.Very few large
questions survived the gory politics of the 20th century. Fascism
has no intellectual defenders (though of course, in its many forms,
it has innumerable ammunition-toting practitioners); the various
Marxist creeds have dried up and blown away. Some form of liberal
capitalism, pushed by a global marketing machine, holds sway in
most places, though tattered by the regular collapse of emerging
economies. The giant figures of the last century are still giants,
but they are stable and fixed in our minds: Hitler, the archetype
of pure evil; Lenin, that of ideological fixation; and FDR, an icon
of triumphant pragmatism.
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