November 22, 2009
UTNE READER

Reimagining Reality

(Page 3 of 3)

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Says Marshall, 'Audiences aren't going to grow in their ability to perceive truth in fiction, in real life, or on the screen unless they are challenged. It's necessary for the heart and mind to create a more grandiose specimen than what's there. That's how we fall in love. How documentary film will cross this next frontier-that's the really important question.'

RELATED CONTENT

For more information on the True/False Film Festival, go to www.truefalse.org.

Further Viewing
Dig deeper into hybrid documentaries by seeking out these films:

Robert J. Flaherty's Nanook of the North (1922) is an early anthropological 'documentary' about Inuit Eskimos that used real settings and nonactors but added a dramatic narrative.

Open City (1945) by Italian neorealist Roberto Rossellini is a fictional film grounded in the techniques of documentary. Other notable neorealist films include Luchino Visconti's Ossessione (1943) and Vittorio De Sica's Umberto D. (1952). Italian neorealism is both a technique and a genre, influencing Dogme '95 films and filmmakers such as Pier Paolo Pasolini, Sergio Leone, and Sam Peckinpah.

Orson Welles' F for Fake (1974) is a playful documentary treatise on the impossibility of truth in film.

Errol Morris' The Thin Blue Line (1988) is a seminal documentary that used stylized reenactments to investigate a wrongful conviction.

Marc Levin made Slam (1998) in what he dubbed drama vrit style, using a mix of actors and real convicts, guards, and poets, set in a real prison.

Michael Winterbottom's Welcome to Sarajevo (1997), In This World (2002), and most recently The Road to Guantanamo (2006; see review on page 29) are fiction films so seamlessly constructed out of reality that it is difficult to tell they are not documentaries.

Cane Toads (1988), What the Bleep!?: Down the Rabbit Hole (2006), and The American Ruling Class (2005) are examples of satirical mockumentary hybrids.

American Splendor (2003) is a narrative film about the life of comic artist Harvey Pekar that uses the real Pekar, an actor playing Pekar, and animated versions of Pekar.
-Annie Nocenti

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